The Legacy of Kansas Territory

Right answer!

Kansas never had official segregation in the form of "Jim Crow" laws. In practice, though, many public places were segregated, particularly in the state's larger cities.

A picketer at Lawrence's segregated Jayhawk Plunge swimming pool in the 1960s.
Image courtesy of University Archives, Kenneth Spencer Research Library, University of Kansas Libraries.

Early in Kansas history, Blacks and Whites shared the same churches, schools, and public facilities. As time passed, though, segregation became more common.

In practice, many public places--especially in larger cities--were segregated. The town of Lawrence, an antislavery stronghold in territorial days, had a segregated swimming pool as late as the 1960s.

African American poet Langston Hughes lived in Lawrence much of his childhood. In his autobiography, Hughes remembered not being able to accompany his white friends to the pool.

"Misery is when you find out your bosom buddy can go in the swimming pool but you can't."
--Langston Hughes, Black Misery, 1969.


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